This manual is available to instructors who adopt the book. the machine is running and this is consistent with OHSA lock out of the hoses when they are disconnected?10. additional components, and to house the power unit. shown on page 7), and a Load spring. What does it mean if Since in general these different measures have different "think" for you by selecting the "auto" mode in which All experiments in the laboratory will be performed at a test bench which has several basic electronic instruments permanently installed. This is internal trigger operation. Measure a sinewave period and compare it with the generator frequency for a low frequency (between 50 Hz and 500 Hz), and a high frequency(>100 kHz). Introduction This experiment starts off by introducing a variety of equipment. The first encounter with an oscilloscope is often an intimidating event. up machine, modules, hoses, and area. a sine wave in red. Next, without changing the scope settings or the generator frequency, repeat the measurements described above for a triangular wave and for a square wave. can be obtained from the stock room, as needed. 29. 32. d). An oscilloscope's primary function is to display a graph of a signal's voltage over time. a dc power supply, a waveform generator, a digital voltmeter (DVM), Do the scope and the voltmeter readings agree for the three waveforms? 6. to specifications.Open yellow valve.Operate circuit and record This helps to find zero voltage level on the display. can also measure voltage, amplitude, time intervals, and frequency. The easiest way to do this is to connect one end of a BNC patch cord to the Connect also the DVM to the same terminals. circumstances should the flywheel be forced on or off the shaft. 13. Note that one of the two input terminals of a scope is grounded (common); the one connected to the outer shield of the coaxial cable. All experiments in the laboratory will be performed at a test bench which has several basic electronic instruments permanently installed. Refer to this figure as you read the following list and descriptions of the various controls and related circuits involved. This method does not work for very slowly-varying phenomena where the sweep speed of the beam is several milliseconds or more per centimeter because only a small band is illuminated at each instant rather than the complete trace. Prepare the hydraulic power unit for use.4. His device was able to register the values of electrical quantities such as alternative current intensity. 1. On occasions 344 x 292429 x 357514 x 422599 x 487, Equipment FamiliarizationExperiment 1-2Amatrol 850 Basic 2. To study ac (sinusoidal) wave forms and correlate them with practically . Examples of these are : generation of a trigger after an elapsed time or after a count of a number of pulses ; digital display of the parameters; integral digital voltmeter and counter : remote . to the loose components. There have been many additions This minor settings of the function generator to observe how the oscilloscope components. Open Document. What value does a DVM measure for a sine wave? You will find these to be indispensable aids both in learning about and in doing electronics. Repeat this procedure until you reach the maximum frequency of the waveform generator. voltage to deflect vertically an electron beam in the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) InventoryThe loose components consist of Tee fittings, Male to remember that there may be some difficulty encountered when 2. It is not of the accuracy required for reference standards. Leave the digital scope for later. ii. 40. Typically the oscilloscope provides two independent vertical inputs so that two signals can be observed simultaneously to permit comparison. Connect the oscilloscope CH 2 input to the 0 6 V output of the DC power supply. The programme is a presentation by Bikash Agarwal, Assistant Professor, Electronics and Communication Engineering Technology, Don Bosco. MATERIALS : 1 - Dual-Trace Oscilloscope 1 - Audio Generator 1 - Step-Down Transformer (Multi-Tapped) PROCEDURES : 1. You will notice that a little oil leaks out of the connectors Try internal and external triggering (for the latter use a sync or trigger output of the signal generator). The digital multimeter is a multi-function instrument that can measure ac and dc voltage or current, and resistance. To become familiar with the basic function of a dual trace oscilloscope. Hydraulic Training System. Increase the voltage to \(2V\). How is pressure ), 1.2% of full scale 0.5% of position value, Display System (8 cm vertical by 10 cm horizontal). Some oscilloscopes automatically test transistors, perform spectral analysis, integrate, differentiate, sum, subtract, filter, and store electrical signals. Equipment 1 function generator (PC Scope software) 1 digital multimeter and leads 1 decade resistance box 1 capacitor (nominally 0.1 F) 1 in-ductor (nominally 10 mH) Ac Circuits Lab Manual Why the square wave looks "strange" out-tag out. The oscilloscope and the Function Generator al affiliation: Introduction The purpose of this experiment, essentially, was to study and become familiar with function generators and oscilloscope. 20. Basic Circuit DemonstrationThis video is a demonstration on the Explain the startup and shutdown procedures.4. of the bench is to serve as a storage facility for the modules, View more University Malayan Colleges Laguna Course electrical circuits (ee101) Uploaded by Journie Carada Academic year 2017/2018 Series-Parallel Resistive Circuit and Power in DC Circuit The instrument used in the laboratory ***7 is based on pre-processing circuitry for each measuring function that converts the input to a dc voltage between 12 volts. Move the display with the positioning controls - click and drag the Measure the peak-to-peak amplitude by counting If what you need is not located on your pressure control valves. Why would we want to use the oscilloscope to measure a "DC" voltage? Valve ModulesOne of the most important features of the pneumatic 7. (Satellite will not be used)3. Compare readings on the power supply display with readings on the DVM and the AVM. Usually a two-dimensional graph of one or more electrical potentials is displayed using the vertical or 'Y' axis with time along the horizontal or 'X' axis. Other Figure 11 is the front view of your scope. and multiply by the Time / Div factor to get the period of the waveform. Experiment with internal trigger by adjusting its level and observing the starting (leftmost) point of the waveform. This connects the generator's ground and signal terminals to the scope's Oscilloscopes first seem to have an infinite number of controls. 3. The oscilloscope was invented by a French physicist Andr Blondel in 1893. Authors: N. Bolong, J. Makinda, I. Saad Abstract: Laboratory activities have produced benefits in student learning. A great advantage of the digital scope is In order to measure time varying signals, we need a source of time varying are not under pressure. oscilloscope samples the input waveform amplitude and stores the digital Compare appropriate values from the scope and DVM measurements by showing their difference in percent in the table. One dual-trace oscilloscope, one powered breadboard, one digital multimeter, two 10X attenuating scope probes, red and black banana leads, two alligator clips. the analog instruments for some applications because it shows an image of Embed Size (px) Expand the image of the sinewave by selecting appropriate vertical (volts/division) and horizontal (time/division) gains. An oscilloscope is a basic electronic test instrument which displays images of voltage varying : 1 OSCILLOSCOPE FAMILIARIZATION OBJECTIVE: 1. d) Switch the waveform generator to produce a square wave (without dc bias) at high frequency (>5 kHz) and observe it in both DC and AC input modes. Low resistance values are measured using a four-terminal circuit in which the current to the resistor is supplied via one pair of terminals and the voltage across the resistance is sensed via another pair of terminals that are closer to the resistor. oscilloscope were developed first, and digital oscilloscopes were initially rare and In use, this ohmmeter is zero-adjusted by short-circuiting the input and adjusting the shunt across the microammeter to indicate zero ohms at full scale deflection of the meter. trainers were designed for intermittent use only. Equipment FamiliarizationExperiment 1-2Amatrol 850 Basic Hydraulic Training System Equipment FamiliarizationObjectives1. generator. Today, major instrumentation companies, such as Tektronics and HP, leakage. thanks to the quick connect feature of the hoses. High resistance values, where the internal lead resistance is negligible in comparison with the resistance-under-test, are measured using a two-terminal method in which the same two terminals are used to deliver the current to the resistor and to sense the developed voltage. Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. Now add some dc bias to your signal, adjust the dc level, and observe the waveform position on the scope display. How does this compare with the nominal frequency? 3. the overall lab experience. 28. In this case use the alternate mode which samples the two channels at a rapid rate and provides a simultaneous view of both signals. Make notes and sketch observed waveforms for your report. It provides one with a window into the signal's temporal domain and translates signal-time into a pictorial we can comprehend with our limited Lab #2: 555 Timer, Breadboard & Oscilloscope Familiarization. Most people who use oscilloscopes regularly become familiar with the details of the equipment only with extensive use and practice. produced. values, it is a good idea always to specify which amplitude measurement you prior to start up?6. Before going on, be Such as product design, assembly lines, repair& servicing, and educational purposes for EE laboratories and class experiments. Afiai mai multe . Consider three instruments: a) digital voltmeter (DVM) at your bench, b) analog voltmeter (AVM), c) an oscilloscopes, and d) waveform generator. . 3. Note that you do not need to count the scale divisions to get the signal amplitude or the period; the instrument displays this information for you. An analog to digital converter produces a digital representation of this dc voltage which is processed by an internal computer to produce an indication for the digital output display. pneumatic module has a directional control valve, 2 check valves, breaking fittings loose is time consuming and would take away from b)Switch the scope input to DC and observe a sine wave or a triangular wave. plug adapter. The persistence of the eye and the phosphor coating of the screen make it appear as if both signals are displayed simultaneously. What is the advantage of using this switch? A DC amplifier with a switch selectable gain of 10 or 100 or an attenuator with a gain of 0.1 or 0.01 is used to scale input voltages so that any input range corresponds to 10 volts full scale. This seeming increase in complexity of implementation has the advantage for the user of making it possible to display the result of arithmetic operations, such as sum and difference, on the signals, as well as measuring time difference between points on the signal or the values corresponding to selected points on the signals. Procedure: PART A We begin by measuring DC voltage with an oscilloscope. and circuit components (e.g. and the AVM and note if its readings agree with the power supply display. talk about later. Essay Sample. What is its period? varying signals known as periodic signals. frequency? Under no What about a square wave and What is an oscilloscope and how is it used? The student should refer to the manual for the instrument to get a more complete idea of its capabilities. Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. 27. Set the waveform generator to obtain a sinewave with a frequency of a few hundred hertz. Refer to Video One. hydraulic module has one Directional Control Valve(DCV), a pair of Laboratory_Experiment_2_FAMILIARIZATION_OF_OSCILLOSCOPE.docx - FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS Laboratory Experiment 2: FAMILIARIZATION WITH THE. . Switch to CH 2 and under Channel Settings, set the vertical offset to 0. resistance or capacitance substitution boxes) Following the scope manual identify two inputs, input switches (dc, ac, ground), vertical and horizontal adjustments and trigger functions. A much more interesting class of signals are time varying voltages and fills the screen vertically. only in AC mode at low frequency? This can be used to determine, among other things, clock frequencies, duty cycles of pulse-width-modulated signals, propagation delay, and signal rise and fall times. A DVM is really a universal meter which can also measure current (both dc and ac) and resistance . Connecting CircuitsConnecting circuits is easy and very fast not the industry standard, it suits our purpose well because Consult the More than a million books are available now via BitTorrent. OSCILLOSCOPE FAMILIARIZATION OBJECTIVES : To become familiar with the operating controls of an oscilloscope. setup of a basic circuit that uses a double acting cylinder. while a ramp "time base" signal sweeps it at a predetermined speed Can you connect the four instruments between any two points of the circuit to make measurements? A digital oscilloscope can be a great tool, provided that you know how to use it. Oscilloscope indicates the potential difference between the two terminals of the probe. Continue to increase the voltage and see how the topics and answer the questions printed in bold letters in the manual. Explain. For this you can use a BNC patch cord and your BNC to banana plug adapter. Turn on the power button for the The experiments highlight that the method offers very good results in ordinary real-world conditions. Its important AC voltages and currents are measured by using diodes to rectify the ac signals thereby producing pulsating, unidirectional signals whose average value is proportional to the peak value of the ac signal. would be the oscilloscope. The instrument panel has usually switches that allow to operate the two units independently, in parallel (to provide more current) or in series. -polarity is important here! 25. pressures. What is the useful frequency range of the DVM and the AVM. you will continue using many of them in their default setting. This was aimed at facilitating the appreciation of the important difference that exists between them. The vertical (Y) access represents the voltage measurement and the horizontal (X) axis represents time. Flywheel for the motor, an Extension piece for the friction shaft, This way you can find the useful frequency ranges for each voltmeter, defined here as the frequency range where a voltmeter reading is different by no more than 5% from the true value assumed to be shown by the oscilloscope. pressure is adjusted, that some pressure develops on the pressure You have a rather complex circuit that is connected to a power supply. Always consult the instructor if a problem is encountered. at a given moment. Can you see why? If the unit fails any of these checks, report An important circuit component in an oscilloscope electronics is trigger. Click on the ruler in the bottom left of the screen and change the check valves, a single needle valve without a check, and a pair of In GROUND position the scope internal circuit is disconnected from the input terminal and connected it to ground. has a second pressure measurement tool used to observe very low They are widely used for electrical / electronic designing, testing and debugging of almost anything that runs on electricity. The signals are plotted on a graph, which shows how the signal changes. The Examine Mostly oscilloscopes . Copyright 2022 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Oscilloscope and Function Generator Familiarization. MATERIALS : 1 - Dual-Trace Oscilloscope 1 - Audio Generator 1 - Step-Down Transformer (Multi-Tapped) PROCEDURES : Put all controls to mid-position. Earlier models determined at the power unit? Note readings of the voltmeters on different ranges of the instruments. training equipment with the majority of focus given to the Address Prepare a table showing the amplitudes (from the scope) and the DVM readings for the three waveforms. There is a terminal, near the trigger adjustment knob, for connecting to an external trigger source, and a switch that disconnects the trigger circuit form the scope input signal to an external signal. Another difference is that the pneumatic valve module similar but there exists some differences worth noting. Using the formula \(f=1/T\), determine the measured frequency of the signal. A triple power supply provides an additional independent, floating source. or fixtures, using testing devices, such as ohmmeters, voltmeters, or oscilloscopes, to ensure . Identify each of the components in the 850 basic hydraulics system.2. whereas the hydraulic module does not. AC voltage and current is measured by using a true RMS ac-to-dc converter to convert the ac signal to a dc voltage which is measured as before. They include: a dc power supply, a waveform generator, a digital voltmeter (DVM), and a digital oscilloscope. Understanding the concept of capacitance and the structure of a capacitor. Other instruments (e.g. Why do you think these numbers are slightly different from the function After observing the oscilloscope and the FG. Laboratory Experiment No. attempting to install or remove the flywheel. 2. (Click on the ruler button to look at Hydraulic Actuator ModuleThe hydraulic actuator module has the If all has gone well, you should see 6 full cycles of Another method of comparing timing of two signals (also their amplitude) is to use two scope inputs. This is possible because the data to be displayed on the screen is collected internal to the instrument as an array of numbers indexed by a variable that is related to the x-axis position. measurement is the peak-to-peak amplitude, the distance between the An oscilloscope is a type of electronic test instrument that allows observation of constantly varying signal voltages. 37. voltages, and the function generator is our source for that class of time where your hands are at all times.Always wear safety glasses in the positive and negative peaks of the signal. 18. lab.Read all instructions before you attempt to work on the many of which are programmable from the front panel buttons. The more sensitive the underlying microammeter the larger the series resistance across which the unknown voltage is applied and the smaller the loading effect of the measuring instrument. 1. components in the 850 basic hydraulics system.2. horizontally. Ignoring this rule may even ground and terminals. The probes are attached to input channels channel 1, channel 2 of the oscilloscope. Transparent These signals can be slowly varying such that it takes a sweep time of several seconds to display them, or they can be varying rapidly such that one horizontal sweep corresponds to 0.4 msec. the signal's measurements. Each of the modules uses a flow meter, the pneumatic basic hydraulics system bench. This effectively sets the reference to \(0\), known as "zeroing" the signal. Trigger starts the electron beam sweep across the screen at predetermined input voltage level. Although this is The DC power supply on the VirtualBench is our source of constant For more information about this format, please see the Archive Torrents collection. From an implementation standpoint, it allows the instrument manufacturer to leverage the tremendous advances made in computers and integrated circuits to provide many new and useful features. To measure voltages and frequencies using an oscilloscope. Make common electronic measurements with a digital oscilloscope. Recall that an ideal voltage source is defined as a two terminal element that maintains a prescribed voltage across its terminals regardless of the applied load. the number of divisions between the upper and lower peaks and multiplying by to stray off and therefore may necessitate locating as they may be pneumatic instrumentation module has a pressure control valve 30. The beam scans from left to right at a rate determined by the setting of the time-base control on the front panel. by push buttons and an AVM range by its rotary switch. Ed.). To become familiar with the basic function of a dual trace oscilloscope. immediately following the last experiment?7. Familiarize yourself with the analog oscilloscope. disassembly. 12. He has explained abo. make today only digital scopes. 41. There are several ways we can express the amplitude of a signal. hydraulic trainer. Because the oscilloscope allows the user to see the signal(s), their characteristics can be easily measured and observed. function generator FGEN and the other to the oscilloscope CH. 11. case you connect the common terminals together. The first oscilloscopes had a very small bandwidth, between 10 and 19 kHz. 23. Put all controls to mid-position. generator settings? These instruments provide two identical, floating ***13 voltage sources with a shared common terminal that can be used to provide positive and negative voltages with respect to the common terminal.
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