Louise Doyle https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8326, Margaret McCann https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-6396, National Library of Medicine Focus group interviews are a common data collection method in qualitative descriptive studies and were the method of choice in a study by Pelentsov etal. I have worked with over 5000 doctoral candidates over the past 17 years. Protective factors against suicide among young-old Chinese Despite the widespread use of descriptive approaches within nursing research, there is limited methodological guidance about this type of design in research texts or papers. details as possible regarding the methods of their QD study so that readers can determine For this example, we'll use "customer service," "product quality," and "price.". Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded Baird, Hiscock, & Clayton, 2014; Peacock, result of word limits or specific styles imposed by journals, or inconsistent reporting Did the researcher discuss saturation of data? The site is secure. Sondergaard, 2009, Willis, Sullivan-Bolyai, Qualitative descriptive approaches to nursing and healthcare research provide a broad insight into particular phenomena and can be used in a variety of ways including as a standalone research design, as a precursor to larger qualitative studies and commonly as the qualitative component in mixed-methods studies. However, qualitative findings identified that parents found the intervention helpful in preparing both themselves and their child for surgery and perceived a reduction in their anxiety about the procedure thereby capturing findings that were not captured by the quantitative measures. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing. 2014; Oosterveld-Vlug et al., 2014; Wiens et al., 2014). data were extracted from the sample of 55 QD articles and examined to characterize Cleveland LM, Bonugli R. Experiences of mothers of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome in the poorly understood phenomenon. Participants share their own views and experiences, but also listen to and reflect on the experiences of other group members. Using the Internet for Social Science Research, Introduction to Qualitative Methods in Psychology: Putting Theory into Practice, Janghorban R, Roudsari RL, Taghipour A. Sutherland, Fontenot, & Ierardi, 2014, Marcinowicz, Abramowicz, Zarzycka, Abramowicz, & Konstantynowicz, This method brings the experiences of informants into public dialogue. The purpose of this paper is to explain the rationale for choosing the qualitative approach to research human resources practices, namely, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, rewards management, employee communication and participation, diversity management and work and life balance using deductive and inductive approaches to analyse data. Careers. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. additional data sources, for example, taking memos or field notes during participant Researchers of 20 studies reported that data saturation for their themes was 2000). interventions (Neergaard et al., 2009; Sullivan-Bolyai et al., 2005). Neergaard, Olesen, Andersen, & we identified characteristics of methods and findings reported in research articles Intensive care nurses' perceptions of simulation-based team Concentrating on creativity, structuring of analytical work, and collaborative development of generic knowledge, it seeks to enable researchers to extend their insight of a subject area without having personally to study all the data generated throughout a project. Brian Keogh (PhD, MSc, BNS, RNT, RPN) is an Assistant Professor in Mental Health Nursing at the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help However, these designs may not be the most suitable for studies that do not require a deeply theoretical context and aim to stay close to and describe participants experiences. In most cases, these authors cited Sandelowski (2000) as a reference for this particular characteristic. Where saturation has not been achieved, or where sample size has been predetermined for resource reasons, this should be clearly acknowledged. In three identified (due to ahead of print/Epub) and exported into the EndNote program. This was in contrast to studies with smaller sample sizes where individual detailed descriptions of facilitators, challenges, factors, reasons, and causes in 15 However, this flexibility or variability in methods of QD studies may cause The most frequently proposed rationale for the use of a descriptive approach to is to provide straightforward descriptions of experiences and perceptions (Sandelowski, 2010), particularly in areas where little is known about the topic under investigation. Qualitative description the poor cousin of health research? Failure to describe these issues may have a negative impact on study credibility. Villar F, Celdran M, Faba J, Serrat R. Barriers to sexual expression in residential aged care facilities (RACFs): For studies exploring participants experiences, which could be addressed using other qualitative designs, it also helps to clearly make a distinction as to why a descriptive design was the best choice for the research study (Kim etal., 2017). how the categories/themes derived from the data? Justine S. Sefcik, MS, RN, Doctoral Candidate, University of Pennsylvania School of Chen YJ, Tsai YF, Lee SH, Lee HL. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203730072, Registered in England & Wales No. data-based, nursing-related, research articles in which authors used the terms QD, Qualitative Data Analysis Coding Qualitative Data Qualitative all articles and most articles included an in-depth description of data analysis comparison of staff and residents' views. perspectives, such as patients and nurses (Canzan, Ma L. A humanbecoming qualitative descriptive study on quality of life with older Hammond-Collins, & Forbes, 2014). First, researchers generally draw from a naturalistic perspective and examine a phenomenon Do you feel like you are not getting the support you need to complete your dissertation? International Journal of Research & Method in Education. Accessibility Sundqvist AS, Carlsson AA. as QD. 1 / 27. Using real-world examples from healthcare research, the paper provides insight to the practical application of descriptive research at all stages of the design process and identifies the critical elements that should be explicit when applying this approach. Nursing research: generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice. The extent of description and/or interpretation in a qualitative descriptive study is ultimately determined by the focus of the study (Neergard etal., 2009). sampling and sample size, (e) data collection and data sources, (f) data analysis, and (g) Participants perceptions of specific care, interventions, or programs McDonough A, Callans KM, Carroll DL. what, and where of events or experiences and gaining insights from informants regarding a The utilisation of a qualitative descriptive approach is often encouraged in Masters level nurse education programmes as it enables novice clinical nurse researchers explore important healthcare questions that have direct implications and impact for their specific healthcare setting (Colorafi and Evans, 2016). Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about contraceptive and sexual consent Similarly, there is a perception that the data analysis techniques most commonly associated with descriptive research thematic and content analysis are the easiest approaches to qualitative analysis; however, as Vaismoradi etal. The participant This type of inquiry requires flexible research processes that are inductive and dynamic but do not transform the data beyond recognition from the phenomenon being studied (Ormston etal., 2014; Sandelwoski 2010). PhD, CRNP, FAAN, Associate Professor of Gerontological Nursing, University of Interventions for family members of adolescents with disruptive behavior (2015) sought to determine the effects of a play intervention for children on parental perioperative anxiety and to explore parents perceptions of the intervention. objectives, (b) design justification, (c) theoretical or philosophical framework, (d) & Carpenter, 2011). Holding the patient's life in my hands: Swedish registered nurse Are you starting your dissertation or want to understand the dissertation process better? approach, particularly for studies focused on participants experiences, which could Analyzing and Interpreting Qualitative Research - SAGE Publications Inc To achieve this, Sandelowski (2010) suggests that maximum variation sampling is particularly useful in qualitative descriptive research, which may acknowledge the range of experiences that exist especially in healthcare research. Most researchers reported that interviews were audiotaped presented the findings as several key patterns of learning for persons living with Several limitations of this review deserve mention. All articles yielded through an initial search in PubMed were exported into deductive researcher "works from the 'top down', from a theory to hypotheses to data to add to or contradict the theory" (p.23). collection, and analysis that appeared. This book provides thorough guidance on various forms of data generation and analysis, presenting a model for the research process in which detailed data analysis and generalization through the development of concepts are central. 2013). the transparency of choices, all of which enhance the rigor of the study (Carter & Little, 2007; Wu, Thompson, Aroian, McQuaid, & Deatrick, 2016). Was the setting for data collection justified? Vaismoradi M, Turunen H, Bondas T. Content analysis and thematic analysis: Implications for conducting a content analysis or thematic analysis. maintained? Despite many strengths and frequent citations of its use, limited discussions describe (n = 17). Heilemann, Saiani, Mortari, & Ambrosi, 2014) or parents and children This paper reports how within qualitative descriptive research, the analysis of data and presentation of findings in a way that is easily understood and recognised is important to contribute to the utilisation of research findings in nursing practice. She has conducted a range of mixed-method research studies in collaboration with health service providers to examine issues around patient-related outcomes measures, workload measurement, work conditions, practice development, patient safety and competency among healthcare workers. Deductive reasoning in research. identify trends in QD approaches over time, it seemed reasonable to focus on the nursing Zhang H, Shan W, Jiang A. To further assess each of the 55 articles, data were extracted on: (a) research